Professor Hardalupas’s interests related to the London Nanotechnology Centre include the development of: (i) optical particle sizing, composition and temperature of Nanoparticles; (ii) novel coolants based on Nanofluids, a mixture of liquids and nanoparticles. Example applications include the physics of aerosols, nanoparticle synthesis in flames, particulate emissions from combustion powerplants, powder manufacturing, control of heat transfer and cooling for energy efficient systems, including fusion reactors, extraction of low quality heat, heat pumps.